POWER SYSTEM CONTROL - ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM

The concept of control is fundamental to the functioning to the proper functioning of any system.

Irrespective of whether it is an engineering system or an economic system or a social system, it is essential to exert some kind of control, such as quality control, inventory control, or population control, to achieve certain objectives like better quality of output or better economics, etc.

Power system control has gone through a lot of changes over the past three decades. Beginnings with simple governor control at the machine level, it is now grown into a sophisticated multilevel control needing, a real-time computers process, and system-wide instrumentation.

IMPORTANCE OF CONTROL SYSTEM ELECTRICAL POWER.

1.  Stability and Security must be maintained.

2.  Protection of system from any damage.

3.  System must operate Efficiently and Economical.

4.  All system functions and major equipment's  are monitored,  evaluated and controlled.

5.  Future demand prediction and establish favorable  trade conditions between utilities.

The control objective are dependent on the operating state of the power system. Under normal conditions, the control objective is to operate as efficiently as possible with  voltages and frequency close to nominal values. When an abnormal conditions develops new objectives must be meet to restore the system to normal operation

The control system has several measuring instruments and actuators, it is natural to group these together on a control panel or mimic board. In this way the operator can obtain an image of the status of the process from one or a few locations.

For geographically widespread processes these control centers are located in buildings separate from the process plant.

Traditional control rooms consist of a mimic board which is a schematic model of the process and or several control disks, and displaying the state of process, e.g. voltages, power flow and breaker status.

The size of mimic board is directly proportional to the size and complexity of the monitored process.

The electrical power process is to continual change new lines stations etc are constantly added.

Consequently the mimic board becomes more complex.

It is from this base that the highly flexible control centre systems of today evolved.

Many modern control rooms that relay on VDU display techniques.