As looking wise, The potentiometer and the rheostat are looking same but there is some difference between both. I have shared some knowledgeable summarised difference below for understanding. If you found any more difference, You can share with us on below comment box.
POTENTIOMETER
A potentiometer is a three terminal variable resistor, Usually, electricians used the potentiometer to adjust voltage, The Potentiometer can work as Rheostat but The Rheostat can not works as Potentiometer because of their properties. The Potentiometer controls the circuit's Signal level (not the power level).
RHEOSTAT
A Rheostat is two terminal variable resistor, Usually, electricians use the rheostat to adjust current. The Rheostat can not work as Potentiometer (but vice versa). Electricians employ a Rheostat for handling the much higher voltage and current. A Rheostat is simply a variable resistor used to control the power to a load.
A Rheostat is used to vary the amount of current in the circuit but a potentiometer is used to vary the voltage between the second terminal and one of the outside terminal.
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