Automated control system
In this structure the controllers operating directly on individual system elements. In a generating unit these consist of prime mover controls an excitation controls.
The prime mover controls are concerned with speed regulation and control of energy supply system variables such as boilers pressures ,temperatures , and flow. The functions of the excitation control is to regulate generators voltage and reactive power output. The desired MW outputs of the individual generating units are determined by the system generation control.
The primary purpose of the system generation control is to balance the total system generation against system load and losses so that the desired frequency and power interchange with neighboring systems (tie flows) is maintained. The transmission control include power and voltages control devices, such as static VAR compensators, synchronous condensers, switched capacitors and reactors, tap-changing transformers, phase-shifting transformers, and HVDC transmission controls.
The controls described above contribute to the satisfactory operation of the power system by maintaining system voltages and frequency and other system variables within their acceptable limits. They also have a profound effect on the dynamics performance of the power system and on its ability to cope with disturbances.
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